Contains a dynamic programming algorithm for projecting policy parameters based on a storage model of international markets featuring uncertainty, forward-looking rational expectations and non-negative storage. This algorithm is motivated by the need for a non-analytical solution to the competitive equilibrium in a storage model of U.S. and foreign cotton policy regimes. Obtaining an analytical solution is difficult, except in a limited number of special cases. The numerical solution algorithm essentially consists of multiple nested numerical approximations that reach convergence simultaneously when the relationship between domestic storage and expected farm price achieves stationarity. Given the stationary relationship between storage and expected farm price, we then run the model forward in time (given a sequence of annual realized yield disturbances) under alternative policy regimes representing FACT and FAIR.
This paper provides a methodology that can be used to weigh the costs and benefits of precision agriculture in the measurement and application of variable-rate production technology. Empirical estimates of the economic value of precision farming in the form of variable-rate fertilizer application to corn fields in the mid-western United States are calculated and compared to the current cost of investing in this technology. The results of this study indicate that the use of precision technology in the application of fertilizer for corn production in the United States is not profitable over a relatively wide range of corn prices, nitrogen prices, and agronomic differences in soil characteristics.
In 1995/96, the government of Turkey imposed an export tax of 20 cents/kg on Aegean cotton and an ad-valorem import duty of one percent on non-aegean cotton. The simulation results for the Aegean market indicate that consumers gained $44.5 million in consumer surplus because the export tax reduced the purchase price of Aegean cotton. The Turkish government extracted export tax revenue equal to $11.6 million, but provided water, fertilizer, and credit subsidies equal to $22.2 million. Producers lost $35 million in producer surplus due to the lower domestic price caused by the export tax. However, while these numbers represent large transfers from producers to consumers, the net inefficiency due to government distortions amount to only $1.14 million in the Aegean market. Adding this number to the dead-weight loss of only $790,000 obtained from the non-Aegean market simulation, the net inefficiency caused by government intervention in Turkish raw cotton markets was only $1.93 million in 1995/96. If one considers that cotton producers in Turkey realized gross revenue of over $1.4 billion across all markets in 1995/96, the results of the analysis seems to indicate that the income transfer associated with Turkish government programs is not very inefficient.
This manuscript discusses the ongoing debate surrounding the involvement of the Canadian Wheat Board in international trade. The paper outlines a simple test of the ability of the CWB to price discriminate among export markets for the 1980/81 to 1994/95 period. The study finds evidence of the ability of the CWB to price discriminate. It also shows that the magnitude and significance of price discrimination increased during the operation of the U.S. Export Enhancement Program from 1985/86 to 1994/95.
This paper develops and implements an import allocation model based on Theil's system-wide approach to demand and tests the assumptions of blockwise dependence and uniform substitutability among different sources and types of wheat imported by Japan.
A “hybrid” spatial price equilibrium model is developed to evaluate differences in trade flows and equilibrium prices for feed and malting barley exports from the U.S., Canada, Australia, and European Union, caused by the U.S. Export Enhancement Program. The analysis incorporates the relationships among several policy instruments.
On a biennial basis, the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission is tasked with preparing for the governor a criminal justice system trends report. Available resources, the size and complexity of the criminal justice system and the availability of relevant data influence the scope of the issues addressed in the report. In support of data-driven decision making, this report uses publicly available data to describe the activity of Arizona’s criminal justice system from law enforcement agencies description of the offenses reported to their agencies to the population of the Arizona Department of Corrections.
Directory of law enforcement agencies and courts in Arizona.
Arizona’s Annual Report on activities carried out under the Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Grant program for each fiscal year ending September 30. In Arizona, federal Residential Substance Abuse Treatment funds are used to help the state and local governments improve residential substance abuse treatment programs within the state and local correctional and detention facilities. Residential treatment provides care 24 hours per day, in correctional settings, using the therapeutic community and cognitive-behavioral therapy models.
House Bill 2554 appropriated $3 million from the state general fund in fiscal year 2007 to the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission for distribution to each county board of supervisors for “…increased methamphetamine interdiction efforts including investigation, training, prosecution, abuse treatment, or education programs.” By statute, each county that receives funds was required to submit quarterly reports to ACJC regarding the use and effectiveness of its award. The forms requested information on the type of program(s) developed, a description of the performance measures used to document the effectiveness of these funds, and the activity of each funded program. These reports provides a brief summary of activity of the two-year Methamphetamine Interdiction Fund project. They provide a summary of the reports submitted by each county.