In 1999, the Arizona State Legislature passed a comprehensive school-tobacco law that prohibits tobacco products on school grounds, inside school buildings, in school parking lots or playing fields, in school buses or vehicles and at off-campus school-sponsored events. The law applies to any K-12 public, charter or private school. Violation of the law is a petty offense. To document the extent to which Arizona public schools are in compliance with this legislation, the Arizona Cancer Center conducted the Arizona School Policy Survey as a project of the Tobacco Education and Prevention Program of the Arizona Department of Health Services. This survey was a follow-up to a similar survey completed in 1998.

This follow-up to the 2001 landmark report, "Five Shoes Waiting to Drop on Arizona's Future," focuses on the projected future of the state if Arizona fails to address its Latino educational attainment gap. The publication is more of an economic impact statement than an education report, with indicators pointing out consequences and contributions, depending on action or inaction in closing the gap of Arizona's future workforce.