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Letter of introduction for Dwight B. Heard on the arrival of National Park Service Director Stephen T. Mather to Phoenix. Mather's visit includes trips to Roosevelt Dam and Tumacácori.
Letter from Dwight B. Heard, president and publisher of The Arizona Republican, to Carl T. Hayden about a visit by Stephen Mather.
Apache trout is a federally threatened salmonid native to headwaters of the Little Colorado, Black, and White rivers in east-central Arizona. Decline of Apache trout to threatened status was attributed to over-fishing, habitat degradation and negative interactions (predation, competition and hybridization) with introduced nonnative salmonids. Although over-fishing is no longer considered a threat, habitat degradation and negative interactions with nonnative salmonids continue to threaten Apache trout, and it is towards these threats that recovery actions are directed. While barrier construction began in 1979 and livestock exclusion began in the mid-1980s, the efficacy of these recovery actions at increasing Apache trout abundance and improving habitat condition had not been evaluated. We therefore initiated a study to evaluate the efficacy of riparian fencing and barriers.