The study reported here was designed to examine the impact of background meteorological conditions on the propagation of noise from urban freeways in the Phoenix area. The aim was to understand and predict how sound waves emanating from highways respond to the vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature gradients and velocity shear, so that sound measurements can be interpreted with regard to the environmental variability.

This ōban triptych depicts Minamoto Yoshitsune 源 義經 (center left) and his retainers after their victory over the troops of Minamoto no Yoshinaka at the battle of Hōjūjidono in 1184. The warrior monk Musashibō Benkei 武藏坊 辨慶 sits to the right of Yoshitsune. In the lower-right corner lie the decapitated heads of Nenoi Ōyata 根井 大弥太 and Gonrokurō 権六郎.